Fuel burner



July 19 1927 c. FISCHER ET AL FUEL BURNER Original Filed Jan. 17. 1925 N @mj Patented July 19, 1927.

NITED STATES PATENT' OFFICE.

.2. :1 FISCHER AND ALEXANDER SIMOCNET, 0F WEST HOMESTEAD, PENNSYLVANIA.

FUEL BURNER.

Application filed January 17, 1925, Serial No. 3,113. Renewed March 24, 1927.

Our invention is an improvement in that particular type of fuel burners which are used more especially for heating furnaces and in which the burner is inserted in an 5 opening in the shell of the furnace to direct the llame against the body thereof.

The main object of our inventionv is to provide a burner device of this general type by which the fuel, as gas, oil, &c., may bel burned separately with a mixture of air or different fuels combined in the burner with air to provide a desired mixture, and in either instance the fuel and air is not only thoroughly mixed but is also given a concentrated whirling motion as it leaves the nozzle whereby the heating capacity of the flame isincreased and direction of the same focussed to provide an eEective burner for an economical consumption of fuel as well as to keep the flame together for guiding it in the proper way through the furnace hearth.

Our invention also contemplates a construction andarrangement of vparts constituting the burner whereby said parts lit to-l gether without the use of screw-threads permitting said burner to be readily and conveniently taken apart and re-assembled, as for instance in cleaning the same.

. Other objects and advantages in the particular construction of our improved burner will hereinafter appear, and what we claim as new and desire to protect by Letters-Patent is more specifically set forth in the appended claims.

Intthe accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification :fy

Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional View through a burner constructed in accordance wlth our invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on rthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 and 4 are transverse sectional views on the lines 3-3 and 4 4, respectively, Fig. 1. f Fig. 5 is an inverted plan view of a por-` tion of the conical cap hereafter referred to.

The burner in the present instance consists substantially of three main parts assembled one within another and comprising an outer member or casing having a slightly tapered vdischarge nozzle 10, a memberfitting against the rear end of the casing with a cylindrical extension 11 projecting into the same, and a closure 12 for the rear end of the last mentioned member, said closure carrying a tube 12a located centrally in the burner; the nozzle, cylinder and tube being spaced apart to provide passages for the fuel and air on their way through the burner to produce the desired flame, as hereinafter explained.

The outer member or casing is in the form of a metal casting with an enlarged rectangular portion'13 at the inner end of the nozzle 10'-, said enlarged portion having internally a rectangular wall 14 spaced from the correspondingly shaped outer wall and terminating at its inner or lower end a short distance from the adjoining end of the casing, being connected to said outer wall, at the corners, by vertical webs 15. The rectangular inner wall 14 has an inwardly projecting annular flange or circular` collar 16 formed at its inner end to surround the cylinder 11 and separate the annular passage 17 between said cylinder and the nozzle from an annular chamber 18 around the cylinder at the inner end of the casing. By reference to lFig. 3 it will be seen that the outer sides of the rectangular inner wall 14 are parallel with the adjoining outer walls ofthe casing, to form four vertical passages 19 separated from each other by the webs 15 and communicating at their lower ends with the annular chamber 18, said vertical. passages leading to the inner end of the annular passage 17 of the nozzle by way of narrow inlet openings 20 throu h the inner wall 14 and disposed tangentiailly with re'- spect to said annular passage 17, for the purpose vthat will be hereinafter explained. It will be noted also that the inner portion of the annular passage 17 leading out of the nozzle is provided by the inner side of the inner -wall 14 and the cylinder 11, and .that the inwardly projecting flange or integral collar 16 at the inner end of this wall is comparatively thick to receive the cylinder '11; likewise the metal surrounding said cylinder at the inner or lower end of the casing is also thickened to provide a reinenforcing collar 21. vThe cylinder 11 of the member hereinafter particularly described snugly fits the openings in the casing formed by the collars 16 and 21, and. these openings are countersunk, as shown in Fig. 1, for convenience in assembling' the parts of the burner. Air is fed to the burner' to be mixed with the fuel in the manner hereinafter described through an inlet opening 22 at one side of the enlarged portion of the casing to enter the annular passage 18, hereinbefore referred to.

The member which includes cylinder 11 is also a casting, with an enlarged inner or lower portion 23 beyond the casing when the parts are assembled to provide a chamber 24 at the inner end of the cylinder 11 with which it communicates, and this enlarged portion 23 has an inlet opening 25 at one side with a flanged collar 26, and in this instance fuel, as gas, is introduced into the burner through said opening 25. The out- `let or discharge end of the cylinder 11 of this member of the burner is a short distance from the discharge end of the nozzle 10 of the outer member or casing to provide a mixing chamber 27 in the outer end of sai'd nozzle beyond the end of the cylinder, and by reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the wall of this member is thickened at the juncture of the enlarged portion and cylinder thereof and shaped to fit the countersink or beveled portion of the opening through collar 21, with a surrounding flange 28 to bear against said collar. nected to the outer member or casing of the burner by simply slipping it into the same, requiring only that a tight lit be had, and by this arrangement the parts mayV be readily separated for the purpose of cleaning the same, &c.

What may be termed the third member of the burner includes the closure 12, tube 12a, and other connected parts to be now described which cooperate in the operation of the burner and are secured to said closure and tube for withdrawal therewith. The part carried by the closure 12 is preferably formed integral therewith and consists of an inwardly projecting tubular lextension 29 with lateral vanes 30, the tubular extension receiving and supporting the tube 12a and the vanes being disposed at an angle vertically to impart a whirling motion to the fuel, as

gas, as it passes from receiving chamber 24- into cylinder 11. The parts carried by tube 12a and secured to the outer end thereof comprise a conical cap 31 and vanes 32 projecting inwardly from the lsides of said cap to within the outer end of the cylinder 11; the conical cap being located just beyond the outer end of the cylinder so that the air as it passes from the latter will be deflected towards the sides of the nozzle or mixing 'chamber 27 thereof and a whirling motion will be imparted by the vanes for which purpose said vanes are disposed at an angle vertically, as shown in the drawings. To also imparty'a whirling motionto the fuel, as oil, passing from the hollow conical cap at the outer end of the tube 12a into the mixing chamber 27 the discharge openings 33 This member is conincase? through the cap are at the sides of the wider end thereof and are disposed tangentially (see Fig. 4) directing the oil against the sides of the mixing chamber in the same direction as gas is discharged thereagainst from theend of the cylinder 11. For convenience in cleaning the conical cap, and the tube 12a, said cap is preferably made in two parts, a body portion 31a and end plate or disk 31b the latter having an annular flange 31c at its inner-side threaded in a correspondingrecess in the body portion, and the conical capv as a whole is threaded on the outer end of thetube 12a against a flange 12b formed on said tube.4 It will be noted that for convenience in making this partof the burner the tangentialdischarge openings orA passages 33 in the sides of the hollow conical cap are formed in the inner side of the disk 31b by grooves or channelswith aligning holes through the flange 31, thus permitting the outer end of the conical body portion 31a to be made plain; the tangential discharge passages aforesaid being formed when these parts 31a and 31b are connected.

As heretofore stated the burner may be used to provide a heating flame of an ad? mixture of gas and air, in which instance the gas would be admitted by way of opening 25, chamber 24 and cylinder 11 while the air would be admitted .by way of opening' 22, chamber 18, inlet openings 20 and annular passage 17, the gas and airentering the mixing chamber in whirling motion to be thoroughly combined and the mixture converging in passing from the tapered nozzle. WVhcn using the burner in this manner no fuel would be admitted through tube 12.

In like manner oil and air may be ejected from the nozzle to produce a converging flame by feeding the oil through tube 12 and the air through cylinder 11, nol fuel being admitted through the inlet 25, and in this instance also the oil and air will be mixed in the mixing chamber by ,awhirling motion. Furthermore an admixture of gas, oil and air may be had by feeding the gas and oil i through cylinder' 11 and tube 12a respectively and the air by Way ofthe annular passage 17 as hereinbefore explained;

From the foregoing description it will be obvious that we provide a burner that is not only simple in construction and arrangement providing for quickly assembling the parts, but in operation provides a flame from a thorough admixture of the fuel and air which converges from the discharge end of the nozzle or is kept close togethr so as to bey directed against the object it is desired to heat; this latter feature being of particular advantage when the burner is used in the neck of regenerative furnaces at the point where the hot air channels from the regenerators are connected to the furnace proper. Of course the burner is adapted for use in other situations, or Wherever a burner of this general type is applicable.

We claim l. A fuel burner comprising a casing havinga nozzle, a member. having a fuel cylinder extending into the nozzle and terminating within the outer end thereof to provide a mixing chamber beyond said cylinder and an air passage surrounding the cylinder, the passage and cylinder communieating with said mixing chamber, a series of `narrow inlet openings extending tangentially and diagonally disposed vanes in the outer end of the cylinder, whereby a whirling motion is imparted to the fuel and airias they pass from the passage and cylinder into the mixing chamber of the discharge nozzle.

2. A fuel burner comprising a casing having a nozzle, a companion member comprising a fuel-discharging cylinder extending into the nozzle and forming an annular airsupply passage around said cylinder, a series of narrow inlet openings extending into the receiving end of said annular passage tangentiallyv through the outer sides thereof to imparta whirling motion to that element of the mixture introduced into said passage, and a supplemental fuel-discharging tube extending centrally through the aforesaid fuel-discharging cylinder.

3. A fuel burner comprising a casing having a nozzle, a companion member comprising a fuel-discharging cylinder extending i centrally through the casing into the nozzle and terminating Within the outer end thereof to provide a mixing chamber beyond the discharge end `of the cylinder and an airsupply passage around said cylinder, an inlet opening to the cylinder at the inner end thereof and a series of narrow inlet openings extending into the receiving end` of the annular passage tangentially to impart a whirling motion to the air passing through said passage, an auxiliary fuel-discharging tube extending centrally through the cylinder to the discharge end thereof, and aninto the receiving end of the passage,

Y ber comprising gularly disposed vanes carried by the outer end of the tube and located in the endof the cylinder to impart a whirling motion to that element of the mixture discharged from said cylinder.

4. A fuel burner comprising a casing having a nozzle, a companion member comprising a fuel-,discharging cylinder extending into the nozzle and terminating Within the outer end thereof to provide a mixing chamber beyond the discharge end of the cylinder and an air-supply passage around said cylinder, inlet passages extending into the annular passage tangentially, a tube extending through the cylinder to the discharge end thereof and having at its outer end a conical cap with inwardly projecting vanes Iat the sides thereof to impart a whirling motion to that element of the mixture discharged from the cylinder, and tangential openings through the sides of the conical cap to discharge that element of the mixture fed through the tube.

5. A fuel burner comprising a casing having a nozzle and an enlarged portion at the innerpend thereof, said enlarged portion being `formed with an inner wall having tangential openings through the same', spaced apart collars outer walls at the inner end of said casing, a member having a cylindrical portion extending through said collars into the nozzle with an enlarged portion beyond the inner end of the casing to provide a receiving chamber open atits outer end,- and a mema closure for said opening and a tube extending through the receiving chamber and cylinder, angularly disposed vanes carried by the closure and located within the receiving chamber, a hollow Yconical cap at the outer end of the tube with tangential openings through the sides thereof, and an'gularly disposed vanes carried formed on the inner and l bv the conical cap and disposed at the outer end of the aforementioned cylinder.

CARL FISCHER. ALEXANDER sIMoNET. 

